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Halogens are very reactive , which represents a danger for the human body , since when they enter an organism they displace other elements or form poisonous or toxic compounds inside. Halogen toxicityįluorine becomes lethal in very low concentrations. Iodine is found fixed in the tissues of shellfish and fish . Asstate, being a short-lived radioactive material, is almost never found. Tenese exists only in laboratories, as it is a synthetic element. Bromine is also found there, although in much smaller quantities . The largest deposits of chlorine on the planet are dissolved in the waters of the oceans , in the form of sea salt (NaCl). Of all halogens, fluorine and chlorine are the most abundant in nature (corresponding to 0.065% and 0.055% respectively). Due to their great reactivity, they are always part of other compounds. Halogens are used on numerous occasions, such as in the form of edible salts or tinctures for medical use . They are involved in the manufacture of lamps, bleaches and detergents. They are used in the treatment of drinking water and swimming pool water (especially chlorine).īromine compounds (bromides) are used as sedatives and as a material for the photographic industry . Iodine is used as an antiseptic. Fluorine, for its part, is used to make antifreeze, lubricants and Teflon resins. Halogens form monovalent ions (-1), that is, they need an electron to complete their last energy level . Therefore, they are all oxidizing elements. Likewise, its electronegativity is 2.5 on the Pauling scale (or less). Fluorine is the most electronegative. Halogens are highly reactive , so they are never found in their monatomic form, but rather as part of other compounds . At most they can be found by forming diatomic molecules of the same element. For example: F 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2, and I 2 .
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Regarding color, they range from pale yellow (fluorine) and yellowish green (chlorine) , to reddish-brown (bromine) and purple or black (iodine). The astate, on the other hand, is an unstable and radioactive element that does not have a long enough half-life to be seen. On the other hand, tenese is a synthetic element whose properties are still being studied. Halogens are a diverse group and can be found at room temperature and pressure in all three states of matter : Halogens have been used since ancient times by humans , even before possessing a deep chemical knowledge that would allow us to distinguish or study them better. They were used mainly in the form of salts, which the ancient Phoenicians and Greeks used as a method of preserving food (brine).
![halogen symbol halogen symbol](https://i.pinimg.com/736x/bd/93/0c/bd930ca3ab41d2e2bc72ec3604d47ad7.jpg)
Halogens are the six chemical elements found in group 17 (VIIA) of the periodic table . They exhibit similar chemical behaviors, such as forming very similar sodium (Na) salts . Hence its name, which comes from the Greek words hals - (“sales”) and genes (“origin”). We explain what halogens are and the properties of these elements. Also, what are its characteristics, uses and examples.
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Examples of everyday substances with halogens